Kısaltmalar
Bu sayfa, kitapta ve aviyonik yazılım projelerinde karşılaşacağınız kısaltmaların başvuru sözlüğüdür. İlk tablo, kitabın DO-178C çekirdeğinde sık kullanılan kısaltmaları Türkçe karşılıkları ve ele alındıkları bölümle birlikte verir; ardından gelen A'dan Z'ye liste, havacılık elektroniğinin daha geniş alanındaki kısaltmaların İngilizce açılımlarını içerir.
Her kısaltma tek satırdadır. Birden çok anlamı olan kısaltmalarda anlamlar noktalı virgülle ayrılır, kitapta geçen anlam başa yazılır ve gerekiyorsa bağlam parantez içinde belirtilir; "bkz." notu aynı kavramın daha yaygın kısaltmasına yönlendirir. Eksik ya da hatalı bir girdi görürseniz ana sayfadaki katkı bölümü üzerinden bildirebilirsiniz.
Kitapta kullanılan temel kısaltmalar
Tablo, kısaltmaların kitapta ele alındığı bölüm sırasına göre dizilmiştir; Türkçe karşılıklar bölümlerde kullanılan terimlerdir.
| Kısaltma | İngilizce açılım | Türkçe karşılık | Bölüm |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMA | Integrated Modular Avionics | entegre modüler aviyonik | Bölüm 2 |
| DAL | Development Assurance Level | geliştirme güvence seviyesi | Bölüm 3 |
| FDAL | Function Development Assurance Level | fonksiyon geliştirme güvence seviyesi | Bölüm 3 |
| IDAL | Item Development Assurance Level | öğe geliştirme güvence seviyesi | Bölüm 3 |
| FHA | Functional Hazard Assessment | fonksiyonel tehlike değerlendirmesi | Bölüm 3 |
| PASA | Preliminary Aircraft Safety Assessment | ön uçak emniyet değerlendirmesi | Bölüm 3 |
| PSSA | Preliminary System Safety Assessment | ön sistem emniyet değerlendirmesi | Bölüm 3 |
| SSA | System Safety Assessment | sistem emniyet değerlendirmesi | Bölüm 3 |
| ASA | Aircraft Safety Assessment | uçak emniyet değerlendirmesi | Bölüm 3 |
| CCA | Common Cause Analysis | ortak neden analizi | Bölüm 3 |
| PSAC | Plan for Software Aspects of Certification | yazılım sertifikasyon planı | Bölüm 5 |
| SDP | Software Development Plan | yazılım geliştirme planı | Bölüm 5 |
| SVP | Software Verification Plan | yazılım doğrulama planı | Bölüm 5 |
| SCMP | Software Configuration Management Plan | yazılım konfigürasyon yönetimi planı | Bölüm 5 |
| SQAP | Software Quality Assurance Plan | yazılım kalite güvencesi planı | Bölüm 5 |
| SRStd | Software Requirements Standards | gereksinim standardı | Bölüm 5 |
| SDStd | Software Design Standards | tasarım standardı | Bölüm 5 |
| SCStd | Software Code Standards | kodlama standardı | Bölüm 5 |
| HLR | High-Level Requirements | yüksek seviyeli gereksinimler | Bölüm 6 |
| LLR | Low-Level Requirements | düşük seviyeli gereksinimler | Bölüm 7 |
| EOC | Executable Object Code | çalıştırılabilir nesne kodu | Bölüm 8 |
| SVCP | Software Verification Cases and Procedures | yazılım doğrulama durumları ve prosedürleri | Bölüm 9 |
| SVR | Software Verification Results | yazılım doğrulama sonuçları | Bölüm 9 |
| SCA | Structural Coverage Analysis | yapısal kapsam analizi | Bölüm 9 |
| MC/DC | Modified Condition/Decision Coverage | değiştirilmiş koşul/karar kapsama | Bölüm 9 |
| WCET | Worst-Case Execution Time | en kötü durum yürütme süresi | Bölüm 9 |
| PR | Problem Report | problem raporu | Bölüm 9 |
| CC1 | Control Category 1 | kontrol kategorisi 1 | Bölüm 10 |
| CC2 | Control Category 2 | kontrol kategorisi 2 | Bölüm 10 |
| SCI | Software Configuration Index | yazılım konfigürasyon indeksi | Bölüm 10 |
| SECI | Software Life Cycle Environment Configuration Index | yazılım yaşam döngüsü ortam konfigürasyon indeksi | Bölüm 10 |
| QA | Quality Assurance | kalite güvencesi | Bölüm 11 |
| SAS | Software Accomplishment Summary | yazılım başarım özeti | Bölüm 12 |
| SOI | Stage of Involvement | katılım aşaması | Bölüm 12 |
| TQL | Tool Qualification Level | araç kalifikasyon seviyesi | Bölüm 13 |
| TOR | Tool Operational Requirements | araç operasyonel gereksinimleri | Bölüm 13 |
| TQP | Tool Qualification Plan | araç kalifikasyon planı | Bölüm 13 |
| TAS | Tool Accomplishment Summary | araç başarım özeti | Bölüm 13 |
| TCI | Tool Configuration Index | araç konfigürasyon indeksi | Bölüm 13 |
| FLS | Field-Loadable Software | sahada yüklenebilir yazılım | Bölüm 18 |
| LSP | Loadable Software Part | yüklenebilir yazılım parçası | Bölüm 18 |
| UMS | User-Modifiable Software | kullanıcı tarafından değiştirilebilir yazılım | Bölüm 19 |
| RTOS | Real-Time Operating System | gerçek zamanlı işletim sistemi | Bölüm 20 |
| MMU | Memory Management Unit | bellek yönetim birimi | Bölüm 21 |
| MPU | Memory Protection Unit | bellek koruma birimi | Bölüm 21 |
| PDI | Parameter Data Item | parametre verisi öğesi | Bölüm 22 |
| DQR | Data Quality Requirements | veri kalite gereksinimleri | Bölüm 23 |
| DPAL | Data Process Assurance Level | veri süreci güvence seviyesi | Bölüm 23 |
| PDS | Previously Developed Software | önceden geliştirilmiş yazılım | Bölüm 24 |
| COTS | Commercial Off-The-Shelf | ticari hazır yazılım | Bölüm 24 |
A
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| A/A | Air-to-Air |
| A/C | Aircraft |
| A/D | Analog to Digital |
| A/G | Air-to-Ground |
| A/P | Autopilot |
| A429 | ARINC 429 |
| ABAS | Aircraft-Based Augmentation System |
| ABROAD | ADS Broadcast |
| AC | Advisory Circular (FAA) |
| ACARS | Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System |
| ACAS | Airborne Collision Avoidance System |
| ACC | Area Control Center |
| ACE | Actuator Control Electronics |
| ACMS | Aircraft Condition Monitoring System |
| ACO | Aircraft Certification Office (FAA; 2023 yeniden yapılanmasıyla Certification Branch) |
| ACP | Audio Control Panel |
| ACS | Audio Control System |
| ACSL | ANSI/ISO C Specification Language (C için biçimsel belirtim dili) |
| AD | Airworthiness Directive |
| ADAHRS | Air Data and Attitude Heading Reference System |
| ADC | Air Data Computer; Analog-to-Digital Converter |
| ADF | Automatic Direction Finder |
| ADI | Attitude Director Indicator |
| ADIRS | Air Data Inertial Reference System |
| ADIRU | Air Data Inertial Reference Unit |
| ADM | Air Data Module |
| ADR | Air Data Reference (ADIRU'nun hava verisi kısmı) |
| ADS | Automatic Dependent Surveillance |
| ADS-A | Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Addressed (güncel adı ADS-C) |
| ADS-B | Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast |
| ADS-C | Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract |
| ADSB | Alternating Double Sideband |
| AEH | Airborne Electronic Hardware |
| AESA | Active Electronically Scanned Array |
| AFCS | Automatic Flight Control System |
| AFD | Autopilot Flight Director |
| AFDC | Autopilot Flight Director Computer |
| AFDS | Autopilot Flight Director System |
| AFDX | Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet |
| AFHA | Aircraft Functional Hazard Assessment (uçak seviyesi FHA) |
| AGACS | Automatic Ground-Air Communication System |
| AGC | Automatic Gain Control |
| AGDL | Air-Ground Data Link |
| AHC | Attitude Heading Computer |
| AHRS | Attitude Heading Reference System |
| AI | Action Item |
| AIDS | Aircraft Integrated Data System |
| AIM | Aeronautical Information Manual |
| AIP | Aeronautical Information Publication |
| AIR | Aerospace Information Report |
| AIRAC | Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control |
| AIS | Aeronautical Information Service |
| AL | Assurance Level |
| ALT | Altitude |
| ALU | Arithmetic Logic Unit |
| AM | Amplitude Modulation |
| AMC | Acceptable Means of Compliance (EASA); Alternative Means of Compliance |
| AMS | Air Management System |
| ANC | Active Noise Cancellation |
| ANN | Annunciator |
| ANR | Active Noise Reduction |
| ANSI | American National Standards Institute |
| ANT | Antenna |
| AOC | Aeronautical Operational Control |
| AOP | Airport Operating Plan |
| AOPA | Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association |
| APARS | Automatic Pressure Altitude Reporting System |
| APEX | Application/Executive (ARINC 653 uygulama arayüzü) |
| API | Application Programming Interface |
| APS | Auto Pilot System |
| APU | Auxiliary Power Unit |
| APV | Approach with Vertical Guidance |
| ARINC | Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated |
| ARM | Advanced RISC Machine |
| ARP | Aerospace Recommended Practice (SAE International) |
| ARW | Airborne Rotary Winged |
| ASA | Aircraft Safety Assessment |
| ASCII | American Standard Code for Information Interchange |
| ASD | Aircraft Situation Display |
| ASDL | Aeronautical Satellite Data Link |
| ASIC | Application Specific Integrated Circuit |
| ASIL | Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ISO 26262) |
| ASR | Airport Surveillance Radar |
| ASSP | Application Specific Standard Product |
| ASTERIX | All Purpose Structured Eurocontrol Surveillance Information Exchange |
| ASU | Avionics Switching Unit |
| AT | Auto Throttle |
| ATC | Air Traffic Control; Amended Type Certificate |
| ATCRBS | Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System |
| ATCSS | Air Traffic Control Signaling System |
| ATCT | Airport Traffic Control Tower |
| ATE | Automatic Test Equipment |
| ATIS | Automatic Terminal Information Service |
| ATM | Air Traffic Management |
| ATP | Acceptance Test Procedure |
| ATS | Air Traffic Service |
| ATSAW | Airborne Traffic Situational Awareness |
| ATSU | Air Traffic Services Unit |
| ATT | Attitude |
| Avionics | Aviation Electronics |
| AVN | Office of Aviation System Standards (FAA; eski birim adı) |
| AWACS | Airborne Warning and Control System |
| AWOS | Automated Weather Observing System |
B
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| B-RNAV | Basic Area Navigation |
| BARO | Barometric Indication, Setting or Pressure |
| BC | Bus Controller |
| BCD | Binary Coded Decimal |
| BDI | Bearing Distance Indicator |
| BFO | Beat Frequency Oscillator |
| BGAN | Broadband Global Area Network |
| BIT | Built-In Test |
| BITE | Built-In Test Equipment |
| BNR | Binary |
| BOM | Bill of Materials |
| BRAM | Block RAM |
| BSP | Board Support Package |
C
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| CA | Criticality Analysis |
| CAA | Civil Aviation Authority; Civil Aeronautics Administration (ABD, tarihsel; FAA'nın öncülü) |
| CAS | Calibrated Airspeed |
| CAST | Certification Authorities Software Team (artık etkin değil) |
| CAT | Catastrophic (emniyet bağlamında); Category |
| CAT I | Operational Performance Category I |
| CAT II | Operational Performance Category II |
| CAT IIIa | Operational Performance Category IIIa |
| CAT IIIb | Operational Performance Category IIIb |
| CAT IIIc | Operational Performance Category IIIc |
| CBIT | Continuous Built-In Test |
| CC | Control Category (DO-178C; bkz. CC1, CC2); Change Control |
| CC1 | Control Category 1 |
| CC2 | Control Category 2 |
| CCA | Common Cause Analysis (ARP4761A); Circuit Card Assembly |
| CCB | Change Control Board |
| CDA | Continuous Descent Approach |
| CDI | Course Deviation Indicator |
| CDR | Critical Design Review |
| CDRL | Contract Data Requirements List |
| CDTI | Cockpit Display of Traffic Information |
| CDU | Control Display Unit |
| CEA | Cascading Effects Analysis (ARP4761A) |
| CEH | Complex Electronic Hardware |
| CFIT | Controlled Flight Into Terrain |
| CFR | Code of Federal Regulations |
| CI | Configuration Item |
| CID | Configuration Index Document |
| CIDS | Cabin Intercommunication Data System |
| CII | Configuration Item Index |
| CM | Configuration Management |
| CMA | Common Mode Analysis |
| CME | Configuration Management Engineer |
| CMOS | Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor |
| CMP | Configuration Management Plan |
| CMR | Certification Maintenance Requirement |
| CMS | Configuration Management Specialist |
| CNS | Communication, Navigation, Surveillance |
| CNS/ATM | Communication, Navigation, Surveillance / Air Traffic Management |
| CoC | Certificate of Conformity |
| CODEC | Coder/Decoder |
| COM | Communication |
| COM/MON | Command/Monitor (komut/izleme mimarisi) |
| COMM | Communications Receiver |
| COTS | Commercial Off-The-Shelf |
| CPDLC | Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications |
| CPS | Cycles per Second |
| CPU | Central Processing Unit |
| CR | Change Request |
| CRC | Cyclic Redundancy Check; Cyclic Redundancy Code |
| CRI | Certification Review Item |
| CRT | Cathode Ray Tube |
| CS | Certification Specification |
| CSCI | Computer Software Configuration Item |
| CSV | Comma Separated Values |
| CTAF | Common Traffic Advisory Frequency |
| CV/DFDR | Cockpit Voice and Digital Flight Data Recorder |
| CVE | Compliance Verification Engineer |
| CVR | Cockpit Voice Recorder |
| CW | Continuous Wave |
| CWS | Control Wheel Steering |
D
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| DA | Decision Altitude; Drift Angle |
| DAC | Digital-to-Analog Converter |
| DAL | Development Assurance Level (ARP4754B; fonksiyon için FDAL, öğe için IDAL); Design Assurance Level (DO-254) |
| DAPs | Downlink of Aircraft Parameters |
| DAR | Designated Airworthiness Representative |
| DAT | Data Services (EASA Part-DAT; veri hizmetleri sağlayıcıları) |
| DB | Database |
| DC | Direct Current; Decision Coverage |
| DCDU | Data Link Control and Display Unit |
| DCN | Document Change Notice |
| DCP | Display Control Panel |
| DD | Dependence Diagram (ARP4761A); Digital Design |
| DDC | Digital Down Conversion |
| DDM | Difference in Depth of Modulation |
| DDP | Declaration of Design and Performance |
| DDR | Double Data Rate |
| DDS | Display Docking Station |
| DER | Designated Engineering Representative |
| DFMC | Dual Frequency Multiple Constellation |
| DG | Directional Gyroscope |
| DGPS | Differential Global Positioning System |
| DH | Decision Height |
| DIO | Discrete Input/Output |
| DISC | Discrete |
| DITS | Digital Information Transfer System |
| DL | Data Link |
| DLR | Data Link Recorder |
| DMA | Direct Memory Access |
| DME | Distance Measuring Equipment |
| DMIR | Designated Manufacturing Inspection Representative |
| DNC | Direct Noise Canceling |
| DO | RTCA Document (RTCA belge numarası öneki, ör. DO-178C; "Document Order" açılımı da anılır) |
| DOA | Design Organisation Approval (EASA) |
| DOD | Department of Defense |
| DOID | Design Organisation Interface Document |
| DP | Departure Procedures |
| DPAL | Data Process Assurance Level (DO-200B) |
| DQR | Data Quality Requirements |
| DRAM | Dynamic Random Access Memory |
| DRFS | Direct RF Sampling |
| DSP | Digital Signal Processor |
| DUAT | Direct User Access Terminal (FAA; hizmet 2018'de sonlandırıldı) |
| DVE | Degraded Visual Environment |
| DVOR | Doppler VHF Omnidirectional Range |
| DWG | Drawing |
E
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| EADI | Electronic Attitude Director Indicator |
| EASA | European Union Aviation Safety Agency (2018'e kadar European Aviation Safety Agency) |
| EATP | Equipment Acceptance Test Procedure |
| EATR | Equipment Acceptance Test Report |
| ECN | Engineering Change Notice |
| ECU | Engine Control Unit (bkz. EEC) |
| ED | EUROCAE Document (EUROCAE belge numarası öneki; ör. ED-12C) |
| EDD | Equipment Design Description |
| EDL | Equipment Development Laboratory |
| EEC | Electronic Engine Control |
| EEPROM | Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory |
| EFB | Electronic Flight Bag |
| EFD | Electronic Flight Display |
| EFIS | Electronic Flight Instrument System |
| EGPWS | Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System |
| EGT | Exhaust Gas Temperature |
| EHS | Enhanced Surveillance |
| EHSI | Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator |
| EIA | Electronic Industries Alliance (eski adı Electronic Industries Association; kurum kapanmıştır) |
| EICAS | Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System |
| EIRD | Equipment Installation Requirement Document |
| EIRP | Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power |
| ELT | Emergency Locator Transmitter |
| EMC | Electromagnetic Compatibility |
| EMCON | Emission Control |
| EMI | Electromagnetic Interference |
| EMS | Emergency Medical Service |
| ENC | Electronic Noise Canceling |
| ENG | Engine |
| ENR | Electronic Noise Reduction |
| EOC | Executable Object Code |
| EPR | Engine Pressure Ratio |
| EPROM | Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory |
| ESD | Electrostatic Discharge |
| ETOPS | Extended-range Twin-engine Operational Performance Standards (güncel kullanım: Extended Operations) |
| ETSO | European Technical Standard Order |
| EUROCAE | European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment |
| EUT | Equipment Under Test |
| eVTOL | Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing |
| EVTP | Equipment Verification Test Procedure |
| EVTR | Equipment Verification Test Report |
F
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| FAA | Federal Aviation Administration |
| FADEC | Full Authority Digital Engine Control |
| FAI | First Article Inspection |
| FANS | Future Air Navigation System |
| FAR | Federal Aviation Regulation |
| FAS | Final Approach Segment |
| FBW | Fly-By-Wire |
| FC | Failure Condition |
| FCC | Flight Control Computer; Failure Condition Classification |
| FCR | Final Certification Review |
| FCS | Flight Control System |
| FD | Flight Director |
| FDAL | Function Development Assurance Level |
| FDE | Fault Detection and Exclusion |
| FDPS | Flight Data Processing System |
| FDR | Flight Data Recorder |
| FDRS | Flight Data Recorder System |
| FDU | Flux Detector Unit |
| FE | Front-End |
| FF | Fuel Flow |
| FFR | First Flight Review |
| FFS | Functional Failure Set |
| FG | Flight Guidance |
| FHA | Functional Hazard Assessment |
| FIC | Flight Information Centre |
| FIFO | First In, First Out |
| FIS | Flight Information Service |
| FIS-B | Flight Information Service - Broadcast |
| FL | Flight Level |
| FLIR | Forward-Looking Infra-Red |
| FLS | Field-Loadable Software |
| FLTA | Forward Looking Terrain Awareness |
| FM | Frequency Modulation; Formal Methods (DO-333) |
| FMA | Flight Mode Annunciator |
| FMEA | Failure Modes and Effects Analysis |
| FMECA | Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis |
| FMES | Failure Modes and Effects Summary |
| FMGS | Flight Management and Guidance System |
| FMS | Flight Management System |
| FOB | Fuel On-Board |
| FPA | Front Panel Assembly |
| FPE | Floating Point Emulation |
| FPGA | Field Programmable Gate Array |
| FPU | Floating-Point Unit |
| FRACAS | Failure Reporting and Corrective Action System |
| FREQ | Frequency |
| FRS | Firmware Requirements Specification |
| FSS | Flight Service Station |
| FT | Functional Test |
| FTA | Fault Tree Analysis |
| FTP | File Transfer Protocol; Firmware Test Procedure |
| FW | Firmware; Failure Warning |
| FWS | Flight Warning System |
| FYDS | Flight Director/Yaw Damper System |
G
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| G/A | Ground-to-Air |
| G/S | Glideslope (bkz. GS) |
| GA | General Aviation; Go-Around |
| GAST | GBAS Approach Service Type |
| GB | Gigabyte |
| GBAS | Ground Based Augmentation System |
| GCAS | Ground Collision Avoidance System |
| GCU | Generator Control Unit |
| GDOP | Geometric Dilution of Precision |
| GGS | Global Positioning System Ground Station |
| GHz | Gigahertz |
| GLNS | GPS Landing and Navigation System |
| GLNU | GPS Landing and Navigation Unit |
| GLONASS | Global Navigation Satellite System (Rusya'nın uydu seyrüsefer sistemi) |
| GLS | GNSS Landing System |
| GLU | GPS Landing Unit |
| GMT | Greenwich Mean Time |
| GND | Ground |
| GNSS | Global Navigation Satellite System |
| GO | Go-Around (bkz. GA) |
| GPIO | General Purpose Input/Output |
| GPS | Global Positioning System |
| GPWC | Ground Proximity Warning Computer |
| GPWS | Ground Proximity Warning System |
| GS | Ground Speed; Glideslope (G/S olarak da yazılır); Ground Station |
H
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| HAS | Hardware Accomplishment Summary |
| HAZ | Hazard or Hazardous |
| HBLP | Hardware Build and Load Control Procedure |
| HCDD | Hardware Conceptual Design Data |
| HCI | Hardware Configuration Index |
| HCM | Hardware Configuration Management |
| HCMP | Hardware Configuration Management Plan |
| HDDD | Hardware Detailed Design Data |
| HDG | Heading |
| HDG SEL | Heading Select |
| HDL | Hardware Description Language |
| HDOP | Horizontal Dilution of Precision |
| HDP | Hardware Design Plan; Hardware Development Plan |
| HDStd | Hardware Design Standards |
| HF | High Frequency |
| HHLD | Heading Hold |
| HIRF | High Intensity Radiated Field |
| HLR | High-Level Requirements |
| HMD | Helmet-Mounted Display |
| HMI | Human Machine Interface |
| HOL | High-Order Language |
| HPAP | Hardware Process Assurance Plan |
| HPR | High Pressure Rotor |
| HRD | Hardware Requirements Document |
| HRStd | Hardware Requirements Standards |
| HSD | High-Speed Data |
| HSI | Horizontal Situation Indicator |
| HSL | Heading Select |
| HTAWS | Helicopter Terrain Awareness and Warning System |
| HTP | Hardware Test Procedure |
| HTR | Hardware Test Results |
| HUD | Head-Up Display |
| HUMS | Health and Usage Monitoring Systems |
| HVVP | Hardware Validation and Verification Plan |
| HVVStd | Hardware Validation and Verification Standards |
| HW | Hardware |
| Hz | Hertz |
I
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| I | Input |
| I/O | Input/Output |
| I2S | Inter-IC Sound |
| IA | Internal Audit |
| IAS | Indicated Airspeed |
| IBIT | Initiated Built-In Test |
| ICA | Instructions for Continued Airworthiness |
| ICAO | International Civil Aviation Organization |
| ICD | Interface Control Document |
| ICE | In-Circuit Emulator |
| ICNI | Integrated Communication, Navigation and Identification System |
| ICS | Internal Communication System |
| ID | Identify, Identification or Identifier |
| IDAL | Item Development Assurance Level |
| IDD | Interface Design Description |
| IDE | Integrated Development Environment |
| IDENT | Identify, Identifier, or Identification |
| IDS | Information Display System; Integrated Display System |
| IFE | In-Flight Entertainment |
| IFF | Identification Friend or Foe |
| IFICS | Integrated Flight Instrument and Control System |
| IFR | Instrument Flight Rules |
| IHA | Intrinsic Hazard Analysis |
| ILS | Instrument Landing System; Integrated Logistics Support |
| ILSP | Integrated Logistics Support Plan |
| IMA | Integrated Modular Avionics |
| IMC | Instrument Meteorological Conditions |
| IND | Indicator |
| INS | Inertial Navigation System |
| IOC | Initial Operational Capability |
| IOMMU | Input/Output Memory Management Unit |
| IP | Internet Protocol; Intellectual Property (ör. FPGA IP çekirdeği); Issue Paper (FAA) |
| IPV | Instrument Procedure with Vertical Guidance (güncel adı APV) |
| IQ | In-phase/Quadrature |
| IRS | Inertial Reference System; Interface Requirements Specification |
| ISA | International Standard Atmosphere |
| ISIS | Integrated Standby Instrument System |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| ISP | Integrated Switching Panel |
| ISR | Interrupt Service Routine |
| IT | Information Technology |
| ITT | Interstage Turbine Temperature |
| ITU | International Telecommunication Union |
| IVSI | Instantaneous Vertical Speed Indicator |
J
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| JAA | Joint Aviation Authorities (2009'da kapandı; görevlerini EASA devraldı) |
| JASC | Joint Aircraft System/Component Code |
| JSF | Joint Strike Fighter (JSF AV C++: Joint Strike Fighter Air Vehicle C++ Coding Standards) |
| JTAG | Joint Test Action Group |
| JTIDS | Joint Tactical Information Distribution System |
K
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| KB | Kilobyte |
| kHz | Kilohertz |
| KIAS | Knots Indicated Airspeed |
| KT | Knot (saatte bir deniz mili) |
| KTAS | Knots True Airspeed |
L
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| LAAS | Local Area Augmentation System (FAA terimi; güncel uluslararası terim GBAS) |
| LADGPS | Local Area Differential GPS |
| LCD | Liquid Crystal Display |
| LDGPS | Local Area Differential Global Positioning System (bkz. LADGPS) |
| LED | Light-Emitting Diode |
| LF | Low Frequency |
| LLR | Low-Level Requirements |
| LMM | Locator Middle Marker |
| LO | Local Oscillator |
| LOA | Letter of Acceptance (FAA AC 20-153B; havacılık verisi süreçleri); Letter of Agreement; Letter of Authorization |
| LOC | Localizer |
| LODA | Letter of Design Approval (FAA; TSO tasarım onay mektubu); Letter of Deviation Authority |
| LOI | Level of Involvement |
| LOM | Locator Outer Marker |
| LORAN | Long-Range Navigation |
| LPR | Low Pressure Rotor |
| LPV | Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance |
| LRM | Line Replaceable Module |
| LRU | Line Replaceable Unit |
| LSB | Least Significant Bit |
| LSP | Loadable Software Part (ARINC 665); Liskov Substitution Principle (DO-332) |
| LTE | Loss of Tail Rotor Effectiveness (helikopter) |
| LTL | Linear Temporal Logic |
| LVDS | Low-Voltage Differential Signaling |
M
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| M1553 | MIL-STD-1553 |
| MA | Markov Analysis |
| MAP | Manifold Absolute Pressure; Missed Approach Point |
| MAPS | Minimum Aviation Performance Standards |
| MASPS | Minimum Aviation System Performance Standard |
| MB | Marker Beacon; Megabyte |
| MBD | Model-Based Development |
| MBSA | Model-Based Safety Analysis |
| MC/DC | Modified Condition/Decision Coverage |
| MCBF | Mean Cycles Between Failures |
| MCDU | Multi-Purpose/Multi-Function Control and Display Unit |
| MCW | Modulated Continuous Wave |
| MDA | Minimum Descent Altitude |
| MEL | Minimum Equipment List |
| MF | Medium Frequency |
| MFD | Multi-Function Display |
| MFDS | Multi-Function Display System |
| MFR | Manufacturer |
| MIC | Microphone |
| MIDO | Manufacturing Inspection District Office (FAA; 2023 yeniden yapılanmasıyla Certificate Management Section) |
| MIDS | Multifunctional Information Distribution System |
| MIL-STD | Military Standard |
| MILSPEC | Military Specification |
| MIO | Multiplexed I/O |
| MISRA | Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA C kodlama kılavuzu) |
| MKP | Multi-Function Keypad |
| MKR | Marker Beacon (bkz. MB) |
| MLS | Microwave Landing System |
| MM | Middle Marker |
| MMD | Moving Map Display |
| MMEL | Master Minimum Equipment List |
| MMH | Maintenance Man-Hours |
| MMR | Multi-Mode Receiver |
| MMU | Memory Management Unit |
| MNPS | Minimum Navigation Performance Specifications |
| MntR | Maintainability Report |
| MOA | Military Operations Area |
| MoC | Means of Compliance |
| Mode A | Transponder Pulse-Code Reporting |
| Mode C | Transponder Code and Altitude Reporting |
| Mode S | Transponder Code, Altitude, and TCAS Reporting |
| MOPS | Minimum Operational Performance Standards |
| MOSArt | Modular Open System Architecture |
| MPE | Minimum Processing Environment |
| MPS | Minimum Performance Standard |
| MPU | Memory Protection Unit |
| MRAM | Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory |
| MSA | Minimum Safe Altitude |
| MSB | Most Significant Bit |
| MSG | Message |
| MSG-3 | Maintenance Steering Group-3 |
| MSP | Mode S Specific Protocol |
| MSSS | Mode S-Specific Services |
| MTBF | Mean Time Between Failures |
| MTBUR | Mean Time Between Unscheduled Removals |
| MTTF | Mean Time to Failure |
| MTTR | Mean Time to Repair |
| MVA | Minimum Vectoring Altitude |
| MVFR | Marginal Visual Flight Rules |
N
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| NA | Not Applicable |
| NACO | National Aeronautical Charting Office (FAA; eski birim adı) |
| NAS | U.S. National Airspace System |
| NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
| NAV | Navigation; Navigation Receiver |
| NAVAID | Navigational Aid |
| NAVCOMM | Navigation and Communications Equipment or Receiver |
| NAVSTAR GPS | Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging Global Positioning System |
| NCATT | National Center for Aircraft Technician Training |
| NCD | No Computed Data |
| ND | Navigation Display; Not Defined |
| NDB | Non-Directional Beacon |
| NFF | No Fault Found |
| NFPO | National Flight Procedures Office (FAA; eski birim adı) |
| NIMA | National Imagery and Mapping Agency (eski ad; 2003'ten beri NGA, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency) |
| NM (NMI) | Nautical Mile(s) |
| NO | Normal Operation |
| NOAA | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
| NOTAM | Notice to Airmen |
| NPA | Non-Precision Approach |
| NPRM | Notice of Proposed Rulemaking |
| NTAP | Notice to Airmen Publication |
| NTSB | National Transportation Safety Board |
| NVD | Night Vision Device |
| NVG | Night Vision Goggles |
| NVRAM | Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory |
| NWS | National Weather Service |
O
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| O | Output |
| OAT | Outside Air Temperature |
| OBS | Omnibearing Selector |
| OCC | Operations Control Center |
| ODA | Organization Designation Authorization |
| OEM | Original Equipment Manufacturer |
| OM | Outer Marker |
| OMP | Obsolescence Management Plan |
| OOT | Object-Oriented Technology |
| OOTiA | Object-Oriented Technology in Aviation (FAA el kitabı) |
| OPR | Open Problem Report |
| OS | Operating System |
| OWE/OEW | Operating Weight Empty/Operating Empty Weight |
P
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| P | Parity |
| P-Code | GPS Precision Code |
| P-RNAV | Precision Area Navigation |
| PA | Public Address (System); Process Assurance (DO-254) |
| PAC | Process Asset Checklist |
| PAL | Pilot Activated Lighting |
| PAM | Pulse Amplitude Modulation; Power Amplifier Module |
| PAPI | Precision Approach Path Indicator |
| PAR | Precision Approach Radar |
| PASA | Preliminary Aircraft Safety Assessment |
| PBIT | Power-up (Power-on) Built-In Test |
| PC | Personal Computer |
| PCAP | Processor Configuration Access Port |
| PCB | Printed Circuit Board |
| PCL | Pilot Controlled Lighting |
| PCN | Product Change Notice |
| PD | Profile Descent; Process Definition |
| PDI | Parameter Data Item |
| PDL | Product Development Leader |
| PDOP | Position Dilution of Precision |
| PDR | Preliminary Design Review |
| PDS | Previously Developed Software |
| PESA | Passive Electronically Scanned Array |
| PFD | Primary Flight Display |
| PFDE | Predicted Fault Detection and Exclusion |
| PHAC | Plan for Hardware Aspects of Certification |
| PIDS | Prime Item Development Specification |
| PL | Programmable Logic |
| PLD | Programmable Logic Device |
| PLL | Phase Locked Loop |
| PMA | Parts Manufacturer Approval |
| PMG | Permanent Magnet Generator |
| PMP | Project Management Plan |
| PMU | Power Management Unit |
| PND | Primary Navigation Display |
| PNR | Passive Noise Reduction |
| POA | Production Organization Approval |
| POF | Phase of Flight |
| POH | Pilot's Operating Handbook |
| POS | Position |
| POSIX | Portable Operating System Interface |
| PPS | Pulse Pair Spacing |
| PR | Problem Report (DO-178C); Peer Review |
| PRA | Particular Risk Analysis (ARP4761A); Pre-Recorded Announcement |
| PRF | Pulse Repetition Frequency |
| PS | Processing System |
| PSAA | Plan for Software Aspects of Approval (DO-278A) |
| PSAC | Plan for Software Aspects of Certification |
| PSCP | Project Specific Certification Plan |
| PSP | Partnership for Safety Plan |
| PSR | Primary Surveillance Radar |
| PSSA | Preliminary System Safety Assessment |
| PSU | Passenger Service Unit |
| PTN | Problem Tracking Number |
| PTR | Program Trouble Report |
| PTS | Purchaser Technical Specification |
| PTT | Push-To-Talk |
| PU | Processor Unit |
Q
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| QA | Quality Assurance |
| QAR | Quick Access Recorder |
| QE | Quality Engineer |
| QEC | Quadrantal Error Correction |
| QM | Quality Management |
| QMP | Quality Management Plan |
| QMS | Quality Management System |
| QNH | Deniz seviyesine indirgenmiş barometrik basınç (Q kodu; altimetre ayarı) |
| QP | Qualification Plan |
| QPL | Qualified Product List |
| QRH | Quick Reference Handbook |
| QSPI | Quad Serial Peripheral Interface |
| QTP | Qualification Test Procedure |
| QTR | Qualification Test Report |
R
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| R-NAV | Area Navigation (bkz. RNAV) |
| RA | Resolution Advisory (TCAS) |
| Rad Alt | Radio Altitude (Radio Altimeter) |
| RAI | Radio Altimeter Indicator |
| RAIM | Receiver-Autonomous Integrity Monitoring |
| RALT | Radar or Radio Altimeter |
| RAM | Random-Access Memory |
| RAT | Ram Air Turbine |
| RCR | Reverse Current Relay |
| RCVR | Receiver |
| RDMI | Radio Distance Magnetic Indicator |
| RDP | Radar Data Processing System |
| RDR | Radar |
| RDU | Remote Display Unit |
| REC | Receive |
| REF | Reference |
| REIL | Runway End Identifier Lights |
| REL | Relative |
| RelR | Reliability Report |
| RF | Radio Frequency |
| RFCU | Radio Frequency Control Unit |
| RFI | Radio Frequency Interference |
| RHSM | Reduced Horizontal Separation Minimum |
| RISC | Reduced Instruction Set Computer |
| RJ | Regional Jet |
| RLG | Ring Laser Gyroscope |
| RLY | Relay |
| RMB | RNE Main Board |
| RMI | Radio Magnetic Indicator |
| RMP | Risk Management Plan |
| RNAV | Area Navigation |
| RNG | Range |
| RNP | Required Navigation Performance |
| ROC | Rate of Climb |
| ROD | Rate of Descent |
| ROM | Read-Only Memory |
| RPA | Remotely Piloted Aircraft (bkz. UAV) |
| RPM | Revolutions per Minute |
| RSC | Reusable Software Component (FAA AC 20-148) |
| RSP | Reversion Switch Panel |
| RSS | Root Sum Square |
| RT | Remote Terminal |
| RTCA | RTCA, Inc. (eski adı Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics) |
| RTE | Route |
| RTL | Run Time Library |
| RTOS | Real-Time Operating System |
| RVR | Runway Visual Range |
| RVSM | Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum |
| RX | Receiver |
S
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| SAAAR | Special Aircraft and Aircrew Authorization Required (güncel adı RNP AR) |
| SAE | SAE International (eski adı Society of Automotive Engineers) |
| SAR | Search and Rescue; Smart ACMS Recorder |
| SAS | Software Accomplishment Summary |
| SAT | Static Air Temperature |
| SATCOM | Satellite Communication |
| SATNAV | Satellite Navigation |
| SBLI | Software Build and Load Instructions |
| SBLP | Software Build and Load Control Procedure |
| SC | Special Committee (RTCA özel komitesi; ör. SC-205) |
| SCA | Structural Coverage Analysis |
| SCCB | Software Configuration Control Board |
| SCI | Software Configuration Index |
| SCInd | Source Code Indices |
| SCM | Software Configuration Management |
| SCMP | Software Configuration Management Plan |
| SCR | Software Conformity Review |
| SCS | Software Coding Standard (bkz. SCStd) |
| SCStd | Software Code Standards (DO-178C veri adı; "coding standards" olarak da anılır) |
| SD | Secure Digital |
| SDD | Software Design Description; System Design Description |
| SDDD | Software Design Description Document (bkz. SDD) |
| SDF | Simplified Directional Facility |
| SDI | Source Destination Identifier |
| SDK | Software Development Kit |
| SDP | Software Development Plan |
| SDR | Software Defined Radio |
| SDRAM | Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory |
| SDRL | Supplier (Subcontractor) Data Requirements List |
| SDS | Software Design Standard (bkz. SDStd) |
| SDStd | Software Design Standards |
| SECI | Software Life Cycle Environment Configuration Index |
| SELCAL | Selective Calling |
| SEMP | System Engineering Management Plan |
| SES | Supplier Equipment Specification |
| SFHA | System Functional Hazard Assessment (sistem seviyesi FHA) |
| SHGM | Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü (Türkiye'nin sivil havacılık otoritesi) |
| SID | Standard Instrument Departure |
| SIRD | Software Interface Requirement Document |
| SIU | Satellite Interface Unit |
| SLA | Software Load Application |
| SLECI | Software Life Cycle Environment Configuration Index (yaygın kısaltması SECI) |
| SMA | Sub-Miniature Version A |
| SMP | Sub-Miniature Push-on (RF konnektör); Supplier Management Plan |
| SMS | Short Messaging Service |
| SNR | Signal-To-Noise Ratio |
| SoC | System on a Chip |
| SOI | Stage of Involvement |
| SOP | Standard Operating Procedure |
| SOUP | Software of Unknown Pedigree (kökeni belgelenmemiş yazılım) |
| SOW | Statement of Work |
| SP | Safety Plan |
| SPI | Serial Peripheral Interface |
| SPL | Spare Parts List |
| SPP | Safety Program Plan |
| SPR | Software Planning Review |
| SQA | Software Quality Assurance |
| SQAP | Software Quality Assurance Plan |
| SQAR | Software Quality Assurance Representative |
| SRATS | System Requirements Allocated to Software |
| SRD | Software Requirements Data (DO-178C); Source Requirement Document |
| SRMT | Safety Reliability Maintainability Testability |
| SRMTP | Safety Reliability Maintainability Testability Plan |
| SRR | System Requirement Review |
| SRS | Software Requirements Specification; Speed Reference System |
| SRStd | Software Requirements Standards |
| SRU | Shop Replaceable Unit |
| SSA | System Safety Assessment |
| SSCV/DR | Solid-State Cockpit Voice/Data Recorder |
| SSCVR | Solid-State Cockpit Voice Recorder |
| SSFDR | Solid-State Flight Data Recorder |
| SSM | Sign/Status Matrix |
| SSPP | System Safety Program Plan |
| SSR | Secondary Surveillance Radar; System Specification Review; Software Specification Review |
| SSS | System Segment Specification |
| STAR | Standard Terminal Arrival Route |
| STARS | Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System |
| STC | Supplemental Type Certificate |
| STCA | Short-Term Conflict Alert |
| STP | Software Test Procedure; Software Test Plan; Standard Temperature and Pressure |
| STR | Software Test Results |
| STS | Software Test Specification |
| SUA | Special Use Airspace |
| SVA | Software Validation Attestation |
| SVCP | Software Verification Cases and Procedures |
| SVP | Software Verification Plan |
| SVR | Software Verification Results |
| SW (S/W) | Software |
| SW-IDD | Software Interface Design Description |
| SWCEH | Software and Complex Electronic Hardware |
| SYRD | System Requirements Document |
T
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| T/R (TR) | Transmit/Receive; Transmitter-Receiver (Transceiver); Thrust Reverser; Tail Rotor |
| TA | Traffic Advisory |
| TACAN | Tactical Air Navigation System |
| Tach | Tachometer |
| TAD | Terrain Awareness Display |
| TAF | Terminal Aerodrome Forecast |
| TAS | Tool Accomplishment Summary (DO-330); True Airspeed |
| TAT | Total Air Temperature |
| TAWS | Terrain Awareness and Warning System |
| TBD | To Be Defined; To Be Determined (eş anlamlı kullanılır) |
| TBO | Time Between Overhauls; Time Before Overhaul |
| TC | Type Certificate; Test Case |
| TCA | Throttle Control Assembly; Terminal Control Area |
| TCAD | Traffic Collision Alert Device |
| TCAS | Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System |
| TCF | Terrain Clearance Floor |
| TCI | Tool Configuration Index |
| TCN | TACAN |
| TCR | Test Completeness Review |
| TCU | TACAN Control Unit |
| TDOP | Time Dilution of Precision |
| TDR | Transponder (bkz. XPDR) |
| TDWR | Terminal Doppler Weather Radar |
| TEMP | Test and Evaluation Master Plan |
| TEP | Test and Evaluation Plan |
| TERPS | Terminal Instrument Procedures (United States Standard for Terminal Instrument Procedures) |
| TFR | Temporary Flight Restrictions |
| TFT | Thin-Film Transistor |
| TGT | Turbine Gas Temperature; Target |
| THD | Total Harmonic Distortion |
| THD+N | Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise |
| THDG | True Heading |
| TIA | Type Inspection Authorization (FAA); Telecommunications Industry Association |
| TIS | Traffic Information Service |
| TK | Track Angle |
| TKE | Track-Angle Error |
| TLA | Thrust Lever Angle |
| TNC | Threaded Neill-Concelman (RF konnektör) |
| TOD | Top of Descent Point |
| TOR | Tool Operational Requirements |
| TQ | Tool Qualification |
| TQL | Tool Qualification Level |
| TQP | Tool Qualification Plan |
| TRACON | Terminal Radar Approach Control |
| TRANS | Transmit, Transmission, or Transition |
| TRK | Track |
| TrnP | Training Plan |
| TRP | Mode S Transponder (bkz. XPDR) |
| TRR | Test Readiness Review |
| TRX | Transceiver |
| TSO | Technical Standard Order |
| TstbR | Testability Report |
| TTL | Transistor-Transistor Logic; Tuned to Localizer |
| TTR | TCAS II Transmitter/Receiver |
| TTS | Time to Station |
| TVE | Total Vertical Error |
| TWDL | Two-Way Data Link; Terminal Weather Data Link |
| TWIP | Terminal Weather Information for Pilots |
| TWR | Terminal Weather Radar |
| TX | Transmit |
U
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| UAM | Urban Air Mobility |
| UART | Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter |
| UAS | Unmanned Aircraft System |
| UAV | Unmanned Aerial Vehicle |
| UHF | Ultra High Frequency |
| ULB | Underwater Locator Beacon |
| UML | Unified Modeling Language |
| UMS | User-Modifiable Software |
| USAF | United States Air Force |
| USB | Universal Serial Bus |
| USGS | United States Geological Survey |
| UTC | Coordinated Universal Time |
| UTRX | UHF Transceiver Module |
| UUT | Unit Under Test |
V
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| V | Volts or Voltage |
| V&V | Verification and Validation |
| V/L | VOR/Localizer |
| V/NAV | Vertical Navigation |
| V/R | Voltage Regulator |
| V/REF | Reference Velocity |
| V/S | Vertical Speed |
| V/TRK | Vertical Track |
| VAR | Variable |
| VASI | Visual Approach Slope Indicator |
| VASIS | Visual Approach Slope Indicator (System) |
| VDB | VHF Data Broadcast |
| VDF | VHF Direction Finding |
| VDL | VHF Data Link |
| VDR | VHF Data Radio (VHF Digital Radio olarak da anılır) |
| VFO | Variable Frequency Oscillator |
| VFR | Visual Flight Rules |
| VG/DG | Vertical Gyroscope/Directional Gyroscope |
| VGA | Video Graphics Array |
| VHDL | VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHSIC = Very High Speed Integrated Circuit) |
| VHF | Very High Frequency |
| VMC | Visual Meteorological Conditions |
| VNE | Never Exceed Speed |
| VNO | Maximum Structural Cruising Speed |
| VNR | VHF Navigation Receiver |
| VOR | VHF Omnidirectional Range |
| VOR/DME | VOR with Distance Measuring Equipment |
| VOR/MB | VOR Marker Beacon |
| VORILS | VHF Omnidirectional Range and Instrument Landing System |
| VORTAC | VOR and TACAN Combination |
| VOX | Voice-Operated Exchange (sesle tetiklenen gönderme) |
| VPA | Vertical Path Angle |
| VPATH | Vertical Path |
| VRP | Visual Reference Point; Visual Reporting Point |
| VRX | VHF Receiver Module |
| VSG | Vector Signal Generator |
| VSI | Vertical Speed Indicator |
| VSM | Vertical Separation Minimum |
| VSO | Stall Speed in Landing Configuration |
| VSWR | Voltage Standing Wave Ratio |
| VX | Speed for Best Angle of Climb |
| VY | Speed for Best Rate of Climb |
W
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| WAAS | Wide Area Augmentation System |
| WBS | Work Breakdown Structure |
| WCET | Worst-Case Execution Time |
| WD | Wind Direction |
| WG | Working Group (EUROCAE çalışma grubu; ör. WG-71) |
| WINDR | Wind Direction (bkz. WD) |
| WMA | WXR Waveguide Adapter |
| WMI | WXR Indicator Mount |
| WMS | Wide-Area Master Station |
| WMSC | Weather Message Switching Center |
| WMSCR | Weather Message Switching Center Replacement |
| WPT | Waypoint |
| WRT | WXR Receiver Transmitter |
| WS | Wind Shear |
| WX | Weather |
| WXR | Weather Radar System |
| WYPT | Waypoint (bkz. WPT) |
X
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| XADC | Xilinx Analog to Digital Converter |
| XCVR | Transceiver |
| XFR | Transfer |
| XMIT | Transmit |
| XMSN | Transmission |
| XMTR | Transmitter |
| XPDR | Transponder (bkz. TDR, TRP) |
| XTAL | Crystal |
| XTK | Crosstrack |
Z
| Kısaltma | Açıklama |
|---|---|
| ZSA | Zonal Safety Analysis |